Polman, design principle for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells, appl. The interplay between scattering and absorption in nanoplasmonic systems has recently been the subject of intense research efforts 1,2,3,4. Cushing and nianqiang wu strength up to 103 times the incident field and greatly increase farfield scattering. Using particle lithography to tailor the architecture of. Fdtd modeling to enhance the performance of an organic. Fundamental limit of light trapping in grating structures. Computational modeling of plasmonenhanced light absorption in a multicomponent dye sensitized solar cell hanning chen, martin g. Plasmon enhanced organic solar cells with solutionprocessed threedimensional ag nanosheets author links open overlay panel chunyu ma a b wenjing qin a b xinrui xu a b mingyang li a b xuesong han a b liying yang a b shougen yin a b jun wei c d fengling zhang a e. Plasmonic nanostructure for enhanced light absorption in.
The performances of thin film solar cells are considerably limited by the low light absorption. Imprinting localized plasmons for enhanced solar cells ricky b dunbar1, thomas pfadler1,2, niraj n lal3, jeremy j baumberg3 and lukas schmidtmende2 1 department of physics and center for nanoscience cens, ludwigmaximilians university lmu munich, amalienstra. We show that cylindrical and hemispherical particles lead to much higher path length enhancements than spherical particles, due to enhanced nearfield coupling, and that the path length enhancement for an electric point dipole is even. Atwater,2 and albert polman1 1center for nanophotonics, fom institute amolf, science park 104, 1098 xg amsterdam, the netherlands. Recently, it was shown that by tuning size and surface density of spherical nanoparticles, the broadband absorption of sunlight by thinfilm solar cells can. Schatz argonnenorthwestern solar energy research center department of chemistry, northwestern university, 2145 sheridan. Imprinting localized plasmons for enhanced solar cells. The metal nanoshells have a larger absorption coefficient than any organic polymer and can therefore absorb more of the suns light. The mechanisms of the light scattering by lsprs, nearfield enhancement, and plasmoninduced charge separation based on electronhole pair excitations can be clarified. Prospects of nearfield plasmonic absorption enhancement in. Catchpole kr, polman a 2008 design principles for particle plasmon.
Design principles for nanoparticle plasmonenhanced. This source intended for direct conversion of light energy into electricity by modified silicon elements. Rulin wang, and guanhua chen collaborative innovation center of chemistry for energy materials, xiamen university, xiamen 361005, p. Design principles for plasmonic thin film gaas solar cells. Enhancements in photocurrent have been observed for a wide range of semiconductors and solar cell configurations. We develop fundamental design principles for increasing the efficiency of solar cells using light trapping by scattering from metal nanoparticles. Plasmon enhanced organic solar cells have also been. In this work, a unique colloidal ag nanoparticle solution. Polman, design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells.
Plasmonic light trapping via metallic elements is of particular interest for enhancing the efficiency of thin film solar cells. Pdf design principles for nanoparticle plasmonenhanced. Our findings provide general guidance for the design of grating structures for lighttrapping solar cells. Optical absorption enhancement in silicon nanowire arrays. The paper investigates the light incoupling into csi solar cells due to the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances in periodic metallic nanoparticles by finitedifference timedomain fdtd technique. Pss was doped with agnps of various sizes to induce forward scattering efficiently.
Plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices nature materials. Isolated nanoparticles as well as nanostructured plasmonic aggregates with broadband light absorption throughout the visible light region are developed. For example, previous simulations on plasmon enhanced inorganic solar cells have adopted 10100nmthick active layers for proofofconcept demonstrations 12, 16,17,18. Multitype particle layer improved light trapping for. A schematic illustration of the proposed device structure is shown in fig. The 10% efficiency of the silicon solar cell was accepted as basic specifications to assess the efficiency of the developed model. Design principles for nanoparticle plasmon enhanced organic solar cells. Albert polman born 21 april 1961, groningen is a dutch physicist and former director of the amolf research laboratory in amsterdam. Experimental quantification of useful and parasitic.
Theoretical modelling shows varied spatial dependence. Svg is a natural photothermal phenomenon that induces liquidvapor phase change of water by solar energy. Experimental quantification of useful and parasitic absorption of light in plasmonenhanced thin silicon films for solar cells application. The optimal structural parameters are achieved when the diameter of the nanoparticles is 200 nm and the periodicity is 444 nm. The authors would like to acknowledge funding by the dfg german research foundation in the dfg research center matheon and the funding from the helmholtzassociation for young invesitgator group vhng928 within the. We show that cylindrical and hemispherical particles lead to much higher path length enhancements than spherical particles, due to.
Polman, design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells, appl. Highest efficiency plasmonic polycrystalline silicon thin. Guidelines for enhancing solar cells using surface plasmon. Design principles for nanoparticle plasmon enhanced organic solar cells juanjuan wang1, shengli jia1, yang cao1, wenhao wang2 and peng yu3 abstract plasmonic metallic nanoparticles are coupled to the organic solar cells to overcome the tradeoff between the light absorption and carrier collection. Plasmonic nanostructures for light trapping in thinfilm solar cells. The influence of the silver nanoparticles diameter and structure periodicity on light absorption has been examined. Multiscale modeling of plasmonenhanced power conversion e. Plasmonic nanostructures have been introduced in the thin film solar cells as a possible solution around this issue in recent years. Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells, appl. Plasmonic enhancement of dyesensitized solar cells using. The authors would like to acknowledge funding by the dfg german research foundation in the dfg research center matheon and the funding from the helmholtzassociation for young invesitgator group vhng928 within the initiative and. Plasmonic enhancement in thinfilm solar cells as said previously, three ways of plasmon enhancement exist for thinfilm solar cells.
Plasmonic organic solar cell and its absorption enhancement. Localized surface plasmons enhanced light transmission into c. A plasmonic enhanced solar cell, commonly referred to simply as plasmonic solar cell, is a type of solar cell including thinfilm, crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, and other types of cells that converts light into electricity with the assistance of plasmons, but where. The plasmonic solar cells provide a practical way to boost the light. Angularlyresolved spectra demonstrate strong localized mie plasmon modes within the nanovoids. Indeed it has been shown that carefully designed metallic nanostructures can be tuned to provide a desired optical response 1,2,3,4. Most of these theoretical and numerical studies, while providing specific results on particular. A plasmonic enhanced solar cell, commonly referred to simply as plasmonic solar cell, is a type of solar cell including thinfilm, crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, and other types of cells that converts light into electricity with the assistance of plasmons, but where the photovoltaic effect occurs in another material. Polmandesign principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells. Brongersma, design of plasmonic thinfilm solar cells with broadband absorption enhancements, adv.
In the mainstream oscs design process, the plasmonic metallic. But highefficiency solar cells must have minority carrier diffusion. It is found that the absorption is significantly enhanced due to the surface plasmon induced by the silver nanoparticles. Pdf design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells. A 2008 design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells. Mar 16, 20 excitation of surface plasmons in metallic nanoparticles is a promising method for increasing the light absorption in solar cells and hence the cell photocurrent. For example, material costs account for 40% of the total module price in the bulk crystalline silicon solar cells. Plasmonenhanced organic solar cells have also been. In this paper, a systematic design and analysis of gallium arsenide thin film solar cells incorporated with a periodic silver nanoparticles nps structure to enhance light absorption is presented using the finite element method.
Green, a novel silver nanoparticle assisted texture as broadband antire. The concept of spacer groups is experimentally realized through dnaprogrammable assembly of au nanoparticles, showing that highly reflective. Polman received his masters degree in physics 1985 and his ph. Comprehensive optimization of a nanoparticle fabrication process for enhanced performance of polycrystalline silicon thinfilm solar cells is presented.
Thinfilm solar cells have attracted increasing attention due to its low material cost and large flexibility, but they also face the challenge of low. Light trapping 1 is an essential aspect in the design of solar cells based on thin absorbers, including both amorphousmicrocrystalline thin films 2,3,4 and the recently emerging thin monocrystalline silicon technologies 5,6, as it allows for the absorption of the longwavelength nearbandgap photons due to the extended pathlength of light inside the thin semiconductor. Design guidelines for efficient plasmonic solar cells. Plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices nature. Localized surface plasmons enhanced light transmission. Design of plasmonic nanoparticles for efficient subwavelength. Various architectures have also been devised to achieve plasmonic effect in.
Guidelines for enhancing solar cells using surface plasmon polaritons. Abstract we develop fundamental design principles for increasing the efficiency of solar cells using light trapping by scattering from metal nanoparticles. Enhancing solar cells with localized plasmons in nanovoids. In this article, we derive a set of design principles for making photonic crystals with desired photonic stopband properties by taking advantage of spacer group, a design parameter enabled by recent advances in bottomup assembly processes. The scattering from metal nanoparticles near their localized plasmon resonance is a promising way of increasing the light absorption in thinfilm solar cells. We show that cylindrical and hemispherical particles lead to much higher path length enhancements than spherical particles, due to enhanced nearfield coupling, and that the path length enhancement for an electric point dipole is even higher than. In the mainstream oscs design process, the plasmonic metallic nps are located outsideinside the active layers. Interface between a metal and a dielectricsemiconductor can support surface plasmons, which are collective oscillations of conduction electrons in metals bound to light oscillations in both metal and dielectric. Polman, plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices, nat. Design guidelines for efficient plasmonic solar cells exploiting the tradeoff between scattering and metallic absorption xiaofeng li1,2, nicholas p. Thinfilm solar cells have the potential to significantly decrease the cost of photovoltaics. Our design represents a new class of plasmonic photovoltaic enhancement. We show that cylindrical and hemispherical particles lead to much higher path length enhancements than spherical particles, due to enhanced nearfield coupling, and that the path length enhancement.
Thin film solar cells have emerged as a means to reduce the material costs. Surface plasmon enhanced photocurrent in thin gaas solar cells. Light trapping is particularly critical in such thinfilm crystalline silicon solar cells in order to i. Plasmonic forward scattering effect in organic solar cells. Plasmonic metallic nanoparticles are coupled to the organic solar cells to overcome the tradeoff between the light absorption and carrier. Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells lmpv. In this article we investigate the suitability of localized surface plasmons on silver nanoparticles for enhancing the absorbance of silicon solar cells. Pcbm bulk heterojunction solar cells using a simple electronbeam deposition technique, and their improved photocurrent was analyzed by introducing a cylindrical nps. Design principles for photonic crystals based on plasmonic. The scattering from metal nanoparticles near their localized. Design principles for nanoparticle plasmonenhanced organic. Enhancement of optical absorption in thinfilm solar cells.
This gives rise to a maximum ultimate photocurrent of 26. Plasmonic nanostructures located close to the cell surface can scatter incident. Dls measurements showed an average particle size, 40 1 nm. Light trapping in ultrathin plasmonic solar cells vivian e. Light scattering using particle plasmons this method basically uses multiple and high angle scattering from. Adam moule aims to incorporate layers of metal nanoshells between the layers of organic polymer solar cells. Design principles for plasmonic thin film gaas solar cells with high absorption enhancement article in journal of applied physics 1125 september 2012 with 55 reads how we measure reads. Osa fundamental limit of light trapping in grating. The facile assembly of metal nanostructured arrays is a fundamental step in the design of plasmon enhanced chemical sensing and solar cell architectures.
Catchpole, tunable light trapping for solar cells using localized surface. Clearly, a large fraction of the solar spectrum, in particular in the intense 6001,100 nm spectral range, is poorly absorbed. We begin by discussing the theoretical background of surface plasmons and waveguidebased solar cells, and outline potential device structures. To guide the design of plasmonic solar cells, theoretical investigation of core. Experimental quantification of useful and parasitic absorption of light in plasmon enhanced thin silicon films for solar cells application. The work is done with solar cell applications in mind, but the. The mechanisms of the light scattering by lsprs, nearfield enhancement, and plasmon induced charge separation based on electronhole pair excitations can be clarified. This delicate balance of plasmonic absorption interactions versus farfield scattering properties can have implications in a. Plasmonenhanced organic solar cells with solutionprocessed. Optical absorption enhancement in silicon nanowire arrays with a large lattice constant for photovoltaic applications. We use a rigorous electromagnetic approach to analyze the fundamental limit of lighttrapping enhancement in grating structures. Here, we focus on plasmonic solidstate solar cells.
Design principles for plasmonic nanoparticle devices. Introduction plasmonic structure has been widely used to enhance the performance of siliconbased solar cells. Sep 11, 2008 near the surface plasmon resonances, 60nmdiameter ag and al nanoparticles serve as lightabsorbers so that nonradiative surface plasmon resonances reduce the photocurrent of the cells, which is improved by increasing the nanoparticle size. The development of the physical current source with enhanced efficiency based on photoelectric effect is discusses in this article. Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells by k.
Pdf we develop fundamental design principles for increasing the efficiency of solar cells using light trapping by scattering from metal nanoparticles find. They are based on using nanostructure to enhance light trapping. Very recently, an emergent plasmonic photothermal effect, plasmon enhanced solar vapor generation svg, has triggered a revived research interest on an ancient solar water purification technology. Preparation of silver ink solutions a series of ethanol solutions containing ethylene glycol capped ag nps 10, 5, 1, 0. Plasmonenhanced solar energy harvesting the electrochemical. Enhanced scattering and absorption due to the presence of a particle close to an interface. In this study, plasmonic nanostructures were examined to enhance the light harvesting of organic thinfilm solar cells oscs by multiple surface plasmon resonance spr phenomena originating from the gratingcoupled configuration with a bluray disc recordable bdrimprinted aluminum al grating structure and the incorporation of a series of silver nanodisks ag nds. Light trapping is particularly critical in such thinfilm crystalline silicon solar cells in order to increase light absorption and hence cell efficiency. We show that cylindrical and hemispherical particles lead to much higher path length enhancements than spherical.
Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar. Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells. Polman, design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells, applied. To date, thin film solar cells are made from various active inorganic materials, including amorphous and polycrystalline silicon, gaas, cuin x ga 1. In this letter, we fabricated the plasmonic enhanced p3ht. Organic solar cells oscs attract both scientific and industrial attention because of competitive advantages they.